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CADOLLE is
first and foremost the story of a family.
This story started at the end of the 19th century, during the period that
followed the Second Empire in France and is often known as " La Belle
Epoque" or " The Beautiful Era".
Paris led the way in fashion in all the courts of Europe. The full crinolines
and French taffetas were all the rage, from the salons of Saint Petersburg
to the most exclusive balls in far off Lousiana.
It was the period of great scientific discoveries and the Industrial Revolution.
It was also the time of a new wave of emigration from Europe to the far
off New World.
In
1889 Herminie CADOLLE (first generation) made a choice. She was
a woman of action and the thought of adventure did not frighten her. Argentina
was one of the new nations of rapidly expanding South America. She decided
to pack her bags and leave for Buenos Aires where she opened a lingerie
boutique.
Herminie was not only a woman of action but also a businesswoman, exceptionally
rare at that time. Very quickly her boutique became the meeting place
for the most fashionable women ofthe new capital. Herminie made many trips
backwards and forwards to France and brought back French seamstresses
to train the local workers. Her business grew rapidly. She extended her
premises and opened new boutiques.
An energetic and enterprising woman, she never missed one of the Great
Universal Exhibitions, which were regularly held throughout the world.
It was during the
Exhibition of 1889 (for which the Eiffel Tower was built) that she showed
her new invention.Herminie had had a simply ingenious idea. For women's
comfort she had cut in two the traditional corset. She had invented the
first BRA which she patented and initially called the "corselet gorge".
Herminie was also
the first to encourage the spinners of Troyes to incorporate rubber into
the threads of the fabric. The time was right, with the development of
cultivated rubber trees. The elastic thread (at the time called the "rubberthread")
would take over from whalebones and lacing.
The irony of the story is that her greatgreat granddaughter Poupie CADOLLE
would instigate the return to fashion of these components.
Herminie
found the time between trips to open a boutique in Paris at 24 Rue de
la chaussee d'Antin. It was left under the direction of her daughter-in-law
Marie, who would take over for the second generation.
Herminie worked
hard to develop her business. Two hundred people were employed in the
Parisian workshops to manufacture and prepare her designs which were already
being exported to the far corners of the earth. Herminie had seen the
success of a certain sales method that was already in use in the U.S.A.
- sale by mail order (see photo). It was demonstrated to the customer
how to take their measurements, and how to place an order for what we
would now call "demi-mesure" - these clothes were adapted to
fit the customer's measurements. This method proved successful, there
was no other company in the market offering products that could rival
them, and the awards reflected this success : medals from Saint-Petersburg
in 1904, Chicago in 1906, Saint-Louis in 19O7, Paris in 1910 etc...
In 1914 world war
1 commenced. Accompanying her three sons who where going to enlist in
the french army, she returned to Paris.
Herminie would never return to Argentina
This first world wide conflict would radically change the trade of the
corset maker.
The men had gone to the war, and women were called upon to work in the
factories; the corset was out, and the bra was the essential undergarment,mass-produced
for the manual workers.
Marie Cadolle understood the importance of a retail boutique to sell this
type of garment.The area of the Chaussée d'Antin in Paris was the
centre of fashion at the end of the 19th century . It was there that the
Galeries Lafayette was established and ,logically,it was there that Herminie
set up her first boutique.
During the decade 1910-1920, the Madeleine-Concorde district became the
new fashion "capital".
Marie, along with her daughter-in-law Marguerite, decided to leave therefore
the boutique at Chaussée d'Antin, in favour of an initially rented
boutique on the rue Cambon, on the corner of rue St-Honoré, and
just a few paces from the premises of Coco Chanel who had also just moved
into the area.
A few years later,
Marguerite bought her boutique, then she bought the whole building, then
she bought the neighbouring building...
She installed her
craftswomen and mechanics in the neighbouring rue du Monthabor. She opened
a factory for the production of perfumes in the rue des Lyanes.
So, what had happened???
The First World War
had, amongst its many other consequences, irreversibly changed the image
of the female form.
Until that time, women's
clothes served only one purpose - to be beautiful by accentuating the
female form. After the war, clothing took on the role of CREATING the
female form.
Haute Couture was
born...
Marguerite saw her
opportunity and seized it - she quickly assessed the advantages of the
situation. Up until this point, the seamstress had built the dress for
the woman who would wear it, now it would be the woman who would wear
a dress that had been designed to represent a certain style.
Since dresses would
no longer be shaped to fit the women, Marguerite CADOLLE decided that
she would shape the body of the women to fit the dress ; she invented
and put into production elasticated materials for which purpose she opened
an entire factory.
Low cut necklines,
dresses of extreme styles ; through her creations, Marguerite would build
a union between underwear and outerwear.
She had already created
the "flattening bra" for Coco Chanel. She created bras in fine
silk which were embroidered entirely by hand for the Duchess of Windsor
and many others.
Things had already
come a long way since the ribbon and strap bras that Herminie made for
the famous spy Mata Hari.
In the meantime, Marguerite
made a business decision that made a radical difference to both her company
and the other Parisian boutiques : Whilst almost every other designer
was launching ready-to-wear collections in order to extend their Haute-Couture
collections, Marguerite and her daughter Alice chose to create their first
ready-to-wear lines under names other than CADOLLE, names such as MAGICIA
and BIEN ETRE ...
These lines were developed
independantly, on an industrial scale, and specialised in feminine underwear
that was to be mass distributed.
But, the name CADOLLE
remained, much to the pleasure of its regular clients, synonymous with
rare luxury.
Alice CADOLLE would
maintain this reputation as of 1933. The reputation of the company amongst
the most elegant women in the world would know no bounds.
Many awards celebrate
the loyalty of the company to its high standards. Alice won the most prestigious
award of fashion in the United States in 1949, just two years after Christian
DIOR, the Neiman Marcus Award.
Today
more then ever, entering CADOLLE is like entering a World apart.
Poupie CADOLLE, the fifth generation, presides over the future of the
company..
Faithful to the principles
of the company, Poupie sees each of her clients herself. It is not unheard
of to have to wait a while for an appointment, but like her mother and
grandmother before her, she continues to be much-loved by her clients.
These days, crowned
heads have been replaced little by little by wives of businessmen . The
princesses of the Middle-East have replaced the Russian Archduchesses.
Film stars have replaced the stars of the opera.
The porter who once
waited on the pavement to open the door to number 14 has now disappeared,
such is progress. But you will still only rarely see a customer leave
with a package in their hands, these will be delivered to their home as
it is in all the best stores.
There is nothing to
stop you entering the boutique on the ground floor. Very little has changed
in the last thirty years. The mahogany panels from the restaurant VOISIN
(*), witnesses to the history of this building, still remain as part of
the windows.
The famous tiny lift which served the appartments of La Castiglione (*)
is now classed as an historic monument, although it has had to be brought
up to modern standards of safety.
(*) The restaurant VOISIN, which in 19OO occupies the groung floor, has
stayed famous thanks to the dinner of the four World Leaders which was
held there.
(*) La Castiglione
lived on the third floor (see the History of the Cadolle Family)
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